Abstract a method for laboratory mass rearing of the red palm weevil. Dissection procedure of date palm tree for detailed observation of rpw infestation and data collection. Although studies of the microbiota associated with this species have been performed in recent years, little attention has been dedicated to the influence of the diet in shaping the host bacterial community. The south american palm weevil center for invasive.
Curculionidae is a palm borer native to south asia, which has spread. In malaysia, rpw is a lethal pest of coconut in terengganu and sago palm in sarawak. Dryophthoridae is one of the most dangerous pests of major cultivated palms including coconut, oil palm, and sago. In severe infestations, the entire crown of a palm may fall over or drop off due to extensive burrowing by the larvae figs. Weevil life cycle all stages egg, larva, pupa and adult are spent inside the palm itself and the life cycle cannot be completed elsewhere. Department of agriculture not present in hawaii red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier coleoptera. Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, also known as the red palm weevil, is regarded as the major pest of palm trees. Curculionidae known also as the asian palm weevil or indian red pam weevil is indigenous to south and south east asian countries. The red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineusolivier is one of the most destructive internal borers of coconut palms in india, sri lanka, indonesia and the. Information about how to spot a red palm weevil and what to do if you find one. Weevil infestation was first detected in israel in the summer of 1999 in date plantations in the jordan valley, on the west bank of the jordan river and in the northern area of the dead sea.
As the name of this species indicates, the red palm weevil can cause severe damage to certain palm tree species such as phoenix. Red palm weevil integrated pest management and surveillance 5. Infestation of red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus in relation to offshoots on date palm trunk and its management. Assessment of the sterile insect technique to manage red palm. Background red palm weevil rpw rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier coleoptera. Early detection of red palm weevil using distributed optical sensor. Please visit the usda pest alert and contact the usda if you find a suspected invasive palm weevil at 8883971517. The red palm weevil rpw, rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier coleoptera.
This insect, originally from the tropical regions of asia and polynesia, has extended continuously through other areas of the planet, colonising different species of palm trees. As part of the research activities of the biological control project of the red palm weevil in the middle east, investigations were conducted to assess the infectivity, the pathogenicity and the control potential of several isolates of entomopathogenic nematode against the adults of red palm weevil, both under laboratory and field conditions. Red palm weevil koppert koppert biological systems. Framework strategy for eradication of red palm weevil. The insect killing our palm trees eu efforts to stop the red palm. The red palm weevil is a threat for palm trees all around the world. Red palm weevil rpw, rhynchophorus ferrugineus has been reported as a serious pest of coconut, sago palm and date palm in many parts of the world. The palmetto weevil can be found throughout florida, as far west as southern texas and as far north as south carolina.
Red palm weevil ipm strategy red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus agpmm. Biology and ecology of red palm weevil, why this is an elusive insect pest. However, in 2016, the rpw has been reported in five states perlis, kedah, pulau pinang, terengganu and kelantan, with the. The red palm weevil does not pose any risk to people, pets or livestock but is known to attack and kill a large range of palm species popular in the uk. In its famous palmeral, is creating a serious problem. Rpw is native to asia, but over the last few decades it has spread to the middle east, africa, and europe, where it has caused major economic damage. Pdf biology and management of red palm weevil researchgate. Control of red palm weevil in the algarve overview pesticide pumps and sprayers chemical control. After months the larvae pupate, making fibrous cocoons in leaf litter at the base of the palm.
Later, dna evidence showed that this laguna beach infestation was not the dreaded red palm weevil but a closely related weevil, r. The weevil is a major pest of date palms, as well as coconut, oil palm, and sago palm. The female lays approximately 200 eggs on new growth in the crown of the palm, at the base of young leaves, or in open lesions on the plant. Agpmm collecting rpw field data v isual insp ection pheromone trap s map p ing analy zing current rpw status identify the hot sp ots measure rpw imp act evaluate detecting method better p heromone trap s managements contain the current. The oil palm tree in malaysia is elaeis guineensis african oil palm and the main pollinating agent is elaeidobius kamerunicus oil palm weevil. Europe and can attack a wide range of palm trees, such as date palms, coconut and areca. Proceedings of the international conference on integrated pest management, muscat, sultanate of oman, 2325 february, 1998. Fecundity, fertility and survival of red palm weevil. The pest is native to asia but was accidently introduced to spain in 1994 and since then it has spread widely in the mediterranean region where it has devastated ornamental palms, particularly. Effect of bait quantity and trap color on the trapping.
The red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus, also known as palm weevil, asian palm weevil or sago palm weevil originates from tropical asia, but has spread to africa and europe with distribution through the mediterranean since the 1980s. The red palm weevils are large insects greater than 25mm long. This study was conducted in bangka semong oil palm plantation, kota samarahan, sarawak to verify the occurrence of e. Palm weevil larva rhynchophorus ferrugineus consumption as. Biology and the prospects of biological control as component of ipm. Pdf the red palm weevil rpw rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier coleoptera. Jun 29, 2017 to find out more please see the florida first detector scripted presentation on palm weevils, or look at the featured creatures on the giant palmetto weevil from the university of florida. Curculionidae is a key pest of palms south and south east asian countriesoriginating from that has significantly expanded its. The weevil was first reported in the east coast of peninsular malaysia in the early 2007, where it is now causing severe. A fully grown weevil can be as large as five centimeters and lay as many as 250 eggs at a time. The red palm weevil is a plague that is causing the death of palm trees throughout the mediterranean and mainly in the province of alicante, wherein towns such as elche. However, very limited information about the reproductive performance of rpw is available, specifically in. Of all the pest infesting palm trees including the coconut palm, date palm and oil palm, the red palm weevil is the number one enemy worldwide.
The impressive red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus has spread in a large part of the middle east and almost the whole mediterranean area. Date palms, sabal palms bismark palms and washingtonian palms are also susceptible to a much lesser extent to attack by the palmetto weevil. Red palm weevils wreak havoc on palm plantations across. Curculionidae rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the red palm weevil rpw, is the most serious and destructive pest of palms in the world. Red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an invasive. Red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier, 1790. Pdf the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus,an indigenous. After the positive determination of the presence of red palm weevil in a palm, it is neccessary to remove the palm tree, because up today no real efficient treatment method exist. But with the removing of an infested palm a strong blow against the red palm weevil population will be done.
By the time you see symptoms in a tree, its probably too late to save it. Rhynchophorus bilineatus montrouzier, 1857 black palm weevil. This pest is a coleopterous, like a rusty red coloured beetle, which flies from palm to palm attracted by the smell of the pruning cuts. The red palm weevil rpw rhyncophorus ferrugineus, is a serious pest of palms. The red palm weevil is highly attracted to two different types of odors. Introduction to red palm weevil center for invasive species. A technique to assess the longevity of the palm weevil pheromone ferrolure under different conditions in saudi arabia. Management of the red palm weevil alpha scents, inc. Many scientific documents covering different perspectives of rpw bioecology and. The red palm weevilrhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier rpw is the most serious pest of date palms in the middle east.
Red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an invasive pest recently found in the caribbean that threatens the region a. Current status of red palm weevil infestation in date palm. Rhynchophorus ferrugineus originated in southeast asia and melanesia more than a century ago. But with the removing of an infested palm a strong blow against the red palm weevil. Red palm weevil caused damage to date palm 99 figure 4. A suggestion to use dogs for detecting red palm weevil springerlink. The insect attacks 40 different species of palm, including coconut, date and oil palms, and has already cost millions of. Rhynchophorus vulneratus has been synonymized with r. Rhynchophorus, or common name palm weevil, is a genus of beetles in the weevil family, curculionidae. Life cycle of red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus. The red palm weevil rpw, rhynchophorus ferrugineus is an economically important pest of palms in many parts of the world. Red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus south american palm weevil rhynchophorus palmarum.
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the red palm weevil rpw, is the most serious and destructive pest of palms in the world. Khamis department of plant production, faculty of agricultural sciences, uae university, p. In lab it could be demonstrated that the burning of a palm trunk has no effect to the. The distributional range of red ring nematode mirrors that of its vector, the giant palm weevil, and the affected countries report palm crop loss of 1015% or higher due to this nematode. Wattanapongsiri 1966 reports that the southeast asian oncosperma tigillaria is a preferred host for breeding. This file is licensed under the creative commons attribution 2. Insecticides prevent the destruction of date palms in the. The red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus is an invasive exotic species and phytosanitary quarantine species which is present in spain since 1995, when it was detected in granada and malaga. Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, red palm weev il, trap and lure. The photonic crystals absorb the white light in different wavelength to reflect the color of adult.
Aldosary, et al management of red palm weevil in date palm faleiro, j. Red palm weevils wreak havoc on palm plantations across the globe. Khamis1 1department of plant production, united arab emirates university p. Common name, commercial application, code red palm weevil pheromone lure, attractant for deployment in pheromone traps, rhyfer 2. Palms infested with palmetto weevil rhynchophorus cruentatus may show a number of collapsed leaves hanging along the trunk. Palm weevil treatment involves a combination of control methods including removal of infected wood, applying insecticides and trapping the adults. Jun 22, 2017 a red palm weevil adult next to a larva white grub, and pupa beige. This was the attempt of a farmer to rescue the palm. Once, the palmetto weevil was considered a minor pest, attacking only severely wounded and dying trees. Sabic approach in the development of an early stage detection method for red palm weevil. In egypt, it was reported that the weevil has three generations per year, the shortest generation first of 100. Once they are in the palm trees, they lay dozens of eggs on the leaves. Pdf the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus.
Different life stages of red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Palm weevils are major pests of various trees in the family arecaceae throughout the tropics including. Page updated february 28, 2014 despite a lot of effort, ive been unable to get really reliable information on best practice for pesticide application for prevention of red palm weevil. The red palm weevil rpw, rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an oligophagous borer that specifically attacks the arecaceae family, poses a serious threat to commercial and ornamental palms. Metwaly method endotherapic injection for palm trees. These findings suggest that, despite emergency measures, the pest is moving in trade. The occurance of oil palm weevil, elaeidobius kamerunicus.
In this article, we are going to tell you how to treat the red palm weevil in palm trees. Red palm weevil hawaii department of agriculture hawaii. Apr, 2016 the red palm weevil bio377 melissa monroe. Categorization of rpw infestation levels in date palm 100 figure 5. The tree simply shows no outward sign until the interior is nearly consumed. When a canary island date palm is pruned in the pineapple cut, the palm releases an odor which is irresitible to the palmetto weevil. Under scan electron microscope the red palm weevil rpw adult body head, wings and abdomen containing a nanostructure called photonic crystals. That is, the eggs laid by the adult female, develops into larva stage and the larva develops into the pupa which metamorphosed into an adult that continues the life cycle alrouechidi, 2003. An integrated management approach for red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus oliv. Red palm weevil rpw poses a serious threat to the cultivation of date palms. Red palm weevil uk plant health information portal.
Effects of the diet on the microbiota of the red palm weevil. Rodriguez, wikimedia commons red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus south american palm weevil rhynchophorus palmarum palm weevils palmetto weevil rhynchophorus cruentatus. The nature of their reproduction cycle requires them to lay their eggs into palm trees, where larvaes grow and fully destroy the structure of the palms. Red palm weevil rpw rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier coleoptera.
What to expect from trapping weevils high captures february to may lower infestation rates capture of r. The largest weevil in north america is the palmetto weevil, rhynchophorus cruentatus fabricius. The females deposit about 300 eggs in separate holes or injuries on the palm. The palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus is one of two species of snout beetle known as the red palm weevil, asian palm weevil or sago palm weevil. Infestations of red palm weevil have a tremendous impact, not only on the economic produce of the palm dates but also on society. This weevil affects more than 20 palm species barranco et al. The red palm weevil rhyncophorus ferrugineus is a devastating palm pest. Paper presented in the meeting on the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus, muscat, oman, 1920 february. The rpw prefers to infest palms below the age of twenty years, where the stem of the young palm is soft, juicy and easily penetrated 3. I could prove the red palm weevil in a good number of palms in lab and especially in field. Curculionidae is an invasive species that is originated from southeast asia, it has invaded middle east and several countries of the mediterranean basin, europe, caribbean and united states of america usa during the last three decades elmergawy 2014.
The palmetto weevil is native to florida and until recently was the only species of palm weevil in the continental united states. Illustration of methodology walid kaakeh, mahmoud m. The adult beetles are relatively large, ranging between two and four centimeters long, and are usually a rusty red colourbut many colour variants exist and have often been classified as different species e. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that. The weevil was first reported in the east coast of peninsular malaysia. Dna fingerprints of three different forms of red palm weevil collected from egyptian date palm orchards. Giant palm weevils of the genus rhynchophorus coleoptera. The red palm weevil rpw is a harmful insect that is not native to. The new methods used to control the red palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier. The red palm weevil has streaked across the algarve, and is already north of aljezur and likely into alentejo april, 2011.
The weevil was first reported in the east coast of peninsular malaysia in the early 2007, where it is now causing severe damage to coconut palms. Mankin5 1united states department of agriculture, animal plant health inspections service, center for plant health science and technology, miami, fl usa. Current situation of red palm weevil in the nena region. Anyone with a sago palm needs to know how to control palm weevils. This manual, developed by leading rpw experts, describes the biology and host range. This pest has a taste primarily for the cabbage palm sabal palmetto although it will infest saw palmettos serrenoa repens and, occasionally, canary island date palms phoenix canariensis, washington palms washingtonia, royal palms. Fill the crown and the axils of top most three leaves with a mixture of fine sand and neem seed powder or neem seed kernel powder 2. It first arrived in southern europe in the 1980s discovering the delights of two ubiquitous date palm species, phoenix canariensis and phoenix dactylifera, which it seems to prefer over all the other potential. The palm had been imported from the netherlands in march 2016. The list of suceptible palms is a little longer for south florida. When you want to remove weevils on sago palms, the first thing to do is to remove the dead parts of the tree.
253 1515 407 1103 648 1351 369 271 1063 15 1100 164 701 364 1277 975 727 985 159 911 357 1645 547 400 66 798 1168 634 209 563 399 97 154 1287 787 447 1028